Command: A set of Instruction is command. There are mainly two types of Dos command.

1. Internal DOS Command 2. External DOS Command

Internal Commands: These commands are automatically loaded into the computer’s memory during booting process. They are actually included in the command.com file. These commands are executable immediately after DOS prompt.

External commands: These commands are meant for special purposes. These are found in separate files on Hard disk or Floppy disk, so that they don’t typically consume bvaluable memory space. They are loaded into memory only as called that specifies command name. These are also called Disk –Resident commands.

Internal DOS Commands

1. Date: By this command we can set a new date and view the current date: [Format – mm-dd-yy]

Syntax –> C:\> DATE <Enter>

2. Time: By this command we can set time and view the current time

Syntax >>> C:\> TIME <Enter>

3. Ver: By this command we can view current Dos version

Syntax –> C:\> VER  <Enter>

4. Vol: To view the volume name and serial number of disk we use this command.

Syntax: –> C:\> VOL <Enter>

5. CLS (Clear the Screen): It is used to clear the unwanted matter from the screen.

Syntax:–> C:\> CLS <Enter>

6. Prompt: Used for customization of the system prompt.

Syntax: –> Prompt[Option] <Enter>

Options are:

            1. $G for >

            2. $L for <

            3. $q for =

            4. $B for |

            5. $N for current drive name.

            6. $P for current drive Name & Path

            7. $D for current date

            8. $T for current Time

            9. $V for current version

            10. $_ for next line.

7. Drive Change: To change from line drive to another it is used

Syntax –> C:\> [Drive Name :] <Enter>

8. DIR (Disk Information Report): To view all the file and directory list of Disk.

Syntax –> C:\> DIR [Option] <Enter>

Options are:

  1. /P – To view information Page wisely
  2. /L – To view information in lower case.
  3. /B – To view information in bare format.
  4. /W – To view information widely.
  5. /S – To search any directory or file.

9. MD OR MKDIR: (Make Directory) – This command is used to enter into making subdirectory

Syntax –> C:\> MD [Directory Name] <Enter>

10. CD OR CHDIR: (Change Directory) – This command is used to enter into making

subdirectory.

Syntax –> C:\>[Target directory] <Enter>

This command is also used to exit from subdirectory

Syntax –> C:\> CD.. <Enter> OR C:\> CD\ <Enter>

  1. CD.. is used to exit from subdirectory in step by step.
  2. CD\ is used for directory return to Root Directory from an exiting directory.

11. RD OR RMDIR : (Remove Directory) – It is used to delete or erase making subdirectory

Syntax –> C:\> RD[Directory Name] <Enter>

12. Copy Con : This command is used to make a new file.

Syntax –> C:\> Copy Con [File Name]       <Enter>

13. Copy This command is used to copy file of files from one directory or drive to another

directory or drive.

Syntax –> C:\> Copy [Source] [Target] <Enter>

14. TYPE: This command is used to view the content of any file.

Syntax –> C:\> Type [Target drive: Path\file name] <Enter>

15. REN: This command is used to change the name of a file.

Syntax –> REN [target drive : Path\Source file name] [New file name] <Enter>

16. DEL OR ERASE: This command is used to delete or erase a file or files.

Syntax –> C:\> DEL [target drive : Path\file name] <Enter>

External DOS Commands

1. Attrib: We can on or off the attributing switches of file.

Syntax: C:\> Attrib [Option] [Target drive : Path\ filename] <Enter

            Option are:

  1. +A – to on achieve switch of the file.
  2. –A – to off achieve switch of the file.
  3. +H – to on hidden switch of the file
  4. –H – to off hidden switch of the file
  5. +R – to on read only switch if the file
  6. –R – to off read only switch if the file

2. FC (File compare): Compares two files.

Syntax –> C:\> FC [file name] [file name2] [Option] <Enter>

Options are:

  1. /A – To view only first and last line of each group.
  2. /B – Compare files in binary mode.
  3. /L – Compare file in text mode.
  • /N – View the lines those are different.

3. Move: To by this command we can transfer files from one directory or drive to another directory or drive by erasing the source files.

Syntax–> C:\> Move [Source] [Target] <Enter>

4.Mode: this command is used to control monitor or printer.

Syntax –> C:\> Mode [Option] <Enter>

Options are: 1. 40: We Get large sizes character mode of monitor.

                    2. 80: We Get large sizes character mode of monitor.

5. Edit: We can make a new file and modify any previously.

Syntax: C:\>Edit [File Name] <Enter>